Cumulative material flows provide indicators to quantify the ecological debt

Using Analytics to Quantify Interest of Self-Admitted Technical Debt

Technical debt refers to the phenomena of taking a shortcut to achieve short term development gain at the cost of increased maintenance effort in the future. The concept of debt, in particular, the cost of debt has not been widely studied. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to determine ways to measure the ‘interest’ on the debt and use these measures to see how much of the technical debt inc...

Application of Ecological Indicators*

Ecological indicators have widespread appeal to scientists, environmental managers, and the general public. Indicators have long been used to detect changes in nature, but the scientific maturation in indicator development primarily has occurred in the past 40 years. Currently, indicators are mainly used to assess the condition of the environment, as early-warning signals of ecological problems...

Democracy , capital flows , and odious debt

This paper relates democracy, public and private international capital flows, and odious debt. Democracy commits a ruler to pass borrowed funds on to the private sector which builds the country’s international collateral, and the consequent rise in the credit ceiling is a Pareto-improvement up to a point because the ruler can appropriate a smaller share of rising loan. However, the ruler may st...

Material point method applied to multiphase flows

The particle-in-cell method (PIC), especially the latest version of it, the material point method (MPM), has shown significant advantage over the pure Lagrangian method or the pure Eulerian method in numerical simulations of problems involving large deformations. It avoids the mesh distortion and tangling issues associated with Lagrangian methods and the advection errors associated with Euleria...

Debt Indicators and Criteria Ii for the Assessment of California's Total Outstanding Public Debt